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∘ Zurab Nozadze ∘
GLOBAL ECONOMY ISSUES

Summary

The main directions of researches in modern economic science can be considered:

Ø International trade of goods (goods, services, technologies, intellectual property);
Ø International Movement of Factors of Production (capital with the form of foreign direct investment, labor of small-skilled and unskilled workers in the form of natural migration and in the form of "mental outflow");
Ø International financial operations: loans (private, state, international organizations), fixed securities (shares, bonds and other debt instruments), financial produced instruments (futures (industrial financial instrument, contract),
Ø options (an agreement that entitles the buyer, but not an obligation, to buy or sell the specified asset at a certain price or before a certain date.) and other foreign exchange transactions. The globalization of economic activity necessarily requires its liberalization, that is, reduction or elimination of restrictions on international financial transactions. (operations.)

However, dynamically, depending on the circumstances, both the composition and the structural ratios in each of them may change. The processes of globalization of the modern economy are gradually involving into all spheres of public life: production (in the form of transnational companies), trade, including stock and investment markets, which are determined by three main factors:

Ø Transition from state regulation to market mechanisms;
Ø Overcoming national borders through the integration of individual economic relations;
Ø Development of information technology.

In this sense, the main global economic problem of our time is associated with the formation of a closed economic system within the leading Western countries. With the intellectual and technological potential of the community, this topic can be developed in the following areas: the concentration of key trade turnover in developed countries, closing investment flows and drastically limiting migration processes from "Third World" to developed countries.

Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics International Scientific C O N F E R E N C E S "ECONOMY – XXI CENTURY"

E ISSN 2587 - 4691	∘ Zurab Nozadze ∘ GLOBAL ECONOMY ISSUES Summary The main directions of researches in modern economic science can be considered: Ø International trade of goods (goods, services, technologies, intellectual property); Ø International Movement of Factors of Production (capital with the form of foreign direct investment, labor of small-skilled and unskilled workers in the form of natural migration and in the form of "mental outflow"); Ø International financial operations: loans (private, state, international organizations), fixed securities (shares, bonds and other debt instruments), financial produced instruments (futures (industrial financial instrument, contract), Ø options (an agreement that entitles the buyer, but not an obligation, to buy or sell the specified asset at a certain price or before a certain date.) and other foreign exchange transactions. The globalization of economic activity necessarily requires its liberalization, that is, reduction or elimination of restrictions on international financial transactions. (operations.) However, dynamically, depending on the circumstances, both the composition and the structural ratios in each of them may change. The processes of globalization of the modern economy are gradually involving into all spheres of public life: production (in the form of transnational companies), trade, including stock and investment markets, which are determined by three main factors: Ø Transition from state regulation to market mechanisms; Ø Overcoming national borders through the integration of individual economic relations; Ø Development of information technology. In this sense, the main global economic problem of our time is associated with the formation of a closed economic system within the leading Western countries. With the intellectual and technological potential of the community, this topic can be developed in the following areas: the concentration of key trade turnover in developed countries, closing investment flows and drastically limiting migration processes from "Third World" to developed countries.